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Knee

Normal Anatomy of the Knee Joint

How does the Knee joint work?

Find out more in this web based movie.

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Arthroscopy of the Knee Joint

Arthroscopy is a surgical procedure in which an arthroscope is inserted into a joint. Arthroscopy is a term that comes from two Greek words, arthro-, meaning joint, and -skopein, meaning to examine.


The benefits of arthroscopy involve smaller incisions, faster healing, a more rapid recovery, and less scarring. Arthroscopic surgical procedures are often performed on an outpatient basis and the patient is able to return home on the same day.

Find out more about Knee Arthroscopy from the following links.

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Total Knee Replacement (TKR)

A total knee replacement (TKR) or total knee arthroplasty is a surgery that resurfaces an arthritic knee joint with an artificial metal or plastic replacement parts called the ‘prostheses’

Find out more about Total Knee Replacement with the following links.

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Uni Condylar Knee Replacement

This simply means that only a part of the knee joint is replaced through a smaller incision than would normally be used for a total knee replacement. The knee joint is made up of 3 compartments, the patellofemoral and medial and lateral compartments between the femur and tibia (i.e. the long bones of the leg). Often only one of these compartments wears out, usually the medial one. If you have symptoms and X-ray findings suggestive of this then you may be suitable for this procedure.

Find out more about Unicondylar Knee Replacement with the following links.

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Revision Knee Replacement

This means that part or all of your previous knee replacement needs to be revised. This operation varies from very minor adjustments to massive operations replacing significant amounts of bone and hence is difficult to describe in full.

Find out more about Revision Knee Replacement with the following links.

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Patello-femoral replacement

Patello-femoral replacement is a procedure to replace the back of the kneecap or patella that is completely damaged. Patello-femoral joint is a compartment of the knee formed by consists kneecap and femur bone.

The main cause for damage of the patello-femoral component is arthritis, patello-femoral arthritis, where the cartilage wears out causing the ends of the bone to rub against one another. This may cause pain, restrict the movement of knee, and patients may have difficulty in the walking, climbing up and down hill, kneeling, squatting, and standing.

Click on the topics below to find out more from the Orthopaedic connection website of American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons.

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